DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DUAL CORE AND CORE 2 DUO

The Core 2 Duo is Intel's second generation (Hence, Core 2) processor made for desktops and laptops designed from the ground up to be fast while not consuming nearly as much power as previous CPUs, Dual core is simply a generic term referring to any processor package with two physical CPUs in one.

Dual core and Core2 Duo both use 2 cores to process instructions..... good.... ok... but what's the difference then...

Well... the main difference is in the cache memory they use.....
The Dual Core processors use single cache shared between the 2 cores... plus, the size of this cache memory is usually less as compared to Core2 Duo ones (typically in size of 128 KB to around 512 Kb or 1 MB)......

On the other side Core 2 Duo processors also use 2 cores but they have dedicated cache memory assigned to each of the core. so in effect there are two cache memories (note - in case if you don't know what exactly cache memory is - its a static memory - Static RAM - which is costly - and charged per KB size - because they are embedded into your processors.... and your processor stores instruction set into these cores and also info of frequently accessed memory locations so that it doesn't need to go to your main memory - RAM - on motherboard - every time and search indexes to get these locations. The result is - your access time is greatly reduced.. ok.. enough of info... lets get back to main topic)... so, the more cache your processor has got, the more costly will it be and more info can it store and faster will it become.... coming back to Core 2 Duo processors.... the cache size is typically 1 MB to up to 4 / 6 / 8 /12 Mb of size. so if a core 2 duo processor config states 4 Mb of cache, then effectively your 2 cores will use 2 Mb each... now you can make out the difference in speed between a dual core using 512 cache and a Core 2 Duo using 4 Mb of cache... and the same reason why core 2 duo processors are costly and more faster (about 40 %) than the dual core ones...

Finally... to summarize, dual core procs (less cache size and that too shared cache between two cores) are strip in version of Core 2 Duo procs (more cache size and independant cache between each of the two cores), which make Core 2 Duo procs costlier and faster than Dual Core procs... so the winner is Core 2 Duo (and its comes with a price...)

PAK HACKER ATTACKS E RLYS SITE, THREATENS CYBER WAR ON INDIA

In the first instance of cyber attack on Indian government websites, the attack on Eastern Railways site on Wednesday popped open vulnerability of government websites in the country.

While Eastern Railway took almost two and half hours to restore the site to normalcy, visitors to the site continued to be attacked by Trojan virus. ER officials could only primarily trace the roots to Toronto in Canada after repeated top-brass meetings all through the day.

As spotted by FE in the morning, the official site of the Eastern Railway-www.eastern railway.gov.in—was hacked on Wednesday. When opened, the scroll on the site— which normally consists of official announcements—had unusual notes. The first note read: "Cyber war has been declared on Indian cyberspace by Whackerz- Pakistan (24 Dec-2008)." This was followed by two other notes: "Indians hit hard by Zaid Hamid" and "We are f**ked up Indians. You are hacked."

When clicked, the scroll opened into a new window which claimed that 'Mianwalian of Whackerz" has hacked the site in response to the air violation of Pakistan. It also claimed that it will continue to hack more Indian military and government sites. The threat note also claimed that servers of Indian financial institutions will also be hacked with the help of the group's members working in computer departments of "foreign companies". Data belonging to "Indian nationals (only Hindus)" will be destroyed eventually, it added.

Another threat note asked the visitors of the website to watch the real Indian conspiracy in Mumbai attacks on the website-www.brasstacks.pk. Brasstacks claims to be "a unique Pakistani think tank devoted to the study of regional and global political events and their implications for Pakistan's security and interests." The note ended with the slogan "Long live Pakistan".

The third note, which showed the hackers' apathy towards India, Israel and USA, challenged Indians to save their 'motherland' from turning into pieces.

When contacted, ER officials seemed unaware of the entire incident and the site remained as it is for almost an hour, till 11.40am, after which ER blocked it. The website resumed to normalcy after 12, when the threat notes in the scroll as well as in the news and events section were removed.

"Our sites have cyber security certificate from US-based Thawte," said an ER official. "We have informed the service provider and will get a detailed response from them only after 24 hours," he added.

According to a cyber security expert, similar attacks can be done through SQL injection method. In case of a SQL injection attack, webpages with active content like feedback forms are used. Attackers can write malicious commands in the forms through a rich text format and get control over the database of the target site.

VOLVO TO UNVEIL WORLD'S FIRST ACCIDENT-PROOF CAR NEXT MONTH

Car giant Volvo is set to unveil its first ever "accident-proof car", which will drive itself in traffic by using radar to control the distance.

The Swedish manufacturer will unveil Volvo S60 with automatic brakes at the next month's Detroit motor show. It will go on the market in 2010.

"This technology helps us take an important step towards our long-term vision of designing cars that should not crash," the Telegraph quoted Thomas Broberg, the company's safety specialist as saying.

"Our aim for 2020 is that no one should be killed or injured in a Volvo car," he added.

The car can stop itself upon sensing that a collision is about to happen either a car or a pedestrian, even when travelling at low speeds.

It will feature a sophisticated cruise control system designed to automatically maintain a safe distance from the car in front.

It works with the help of a radar unit fitted in the car's grille, which not only detects what is in front of the vehicle, but how fast it is moving.

When the car believes that there is an imminent threat of a collision, a light flashes on a windscreen display in front of the driver at the same time along with an audible warning, the brakes are applied automatically.

Places :: Fact

Buckingham Palace has over six hundred rooms.
Central Park located in New York has 125 drinking fountains.
Cimeti?re du P?re Lachaise located in Paris is the most visited cemetery in the world. The cemetery opened in 1805 and has over one million people buried there, including rock star Jim Morrison.
Every year, an igloo hotel is built in Sweden that has the capacity to sleep 100 people.
Frank Wathernam was the last prisoner to leave Alcatraz prison on March 21, 1963.
From 1939 to 1942, there was a undersea post office in the Bahamas.
Hawaii's Mount Waialeale is the wettest place in the world - it rains throughout the year and about 460 inches per annum.
Ho-Ho-Kus, a small town in New Jersey, is the only town in the United States of America that has two dashes in its name.
Honolulu, Hawaii boasts the only royal palace in the United States of America.
In 1785, the city of Paris removed bones from cemeteries to ease the overflow of dead people. They took these bones and stacked them in tunnels now known as the Catacombs. You can visit these tunnel attractions and work your way along long corridors, which are stacked with skulls and bones.
In Czechoslovakia, there is a church that has a chandelier made out of human bones.
In Las Vegas, casinos do not have any clocks.
In Las Vegas, the busiest and two most popular days chosen for couples to get married are St. Valentine's Day and New Year's Eve.
Levan, which is located in Utah, got its name from "navel" which is levan spelt backwards. It was named this because it is in the center of Utah.
One of the steepest main streets in Canada is located in Saint John, New Brunswick. Over a distance of two blocks the street rises about 80 feet.
Tacoma Narrows Bridge which was located in Washington was nicknamed "Galloping Gertie" because of the unusual way it twisted and swayed with even with the slightest winds when people would drive on it. The bridge collapsed on November 7, 1940, fortunately no humans died, except for a dog.
The American Airlines Center in Dallas has more toilets per capita than any other sports and entertainment venue in the country
The Golden Gate Bridge was first opened in 1937.
The Great Wall stretches for about 4,500 miles across North China.
The Hollywood sign was first erected in 1923. It was first erected as "Hollywoodland."
The Library of Congress, located in Washington D.C., is the largest library in the world.
The Mall of America, located in Bloomington, Minnesota is so big that it can hold 24,336 school buses.
The Mount Horeb Mustard Museum which is located in Wisconsin has the biggest collection of prepared mustards. They have approximately 4,000 different jars and tubes from all over the world.
The North of Scotland's oldest inhabited castle is Dunvegan Castle on the Isle of Skye.
The Sears Tower consists of nine framed tubes, which connects nine skyscrapers as one building.
The Sears Tower in Chicago contains enough steel to build 50,000 automobiles.
The Sears Tower located in Chicago, Illinois is made up 76,000 tons of steel.
The average stay for a prisoner on Alcatraz, when it was used as a prison, was five years.
The city of Chicago has the only post office in the world where you can drive your car through.
The deepest cave in the world is the "Lamprechtsofen- Vogelshacht" cave which can be found in Salzburg, Austria. The cave is 5,354 feet deep.
The first ice hotel was built in Swedish Lapland.
The largest ketchup bottle in the world is a 170 feet tall and is located in Collinsville, Illinois, USA. It was built in 1949 by the W.E. Caldwell Company as a water tower.
The largest school in the world is City Montessori School in India and has over 25,000 students in grade levels ranging from kindergarten to college.
The largest wedding chapel in Las Vegas is the Viva Las Vegas Chapel, which can seat 100 people.
The most famous movie theatre is the "Chinese Theatre" located in Los Angeles, USA.
The most popular vacation destinations for Americans in 1956 was Niagara Falls.
The names of the two stone lions in front of the New York Public Library are Patience and Fortitude. They were named by then-mayor Fiorello LaGuardia.
The oldest inhabited house in Scotland is the Traquair Castle. The castle has had 27 kings as visitors.
The only flying saucer launch pad in the world is located in St. Paul, Alberta, Canada.
The steepest street in the world is Baldwin Street located in Dunedin, New Zealand. It has an incline of 38%.
The tallest freestanding sculpture in the world is Chief Crazy Horse in South Dakota, USA.
The term "the Big Apple" came into common usage in the 1930s when touring jazz musicians referred to a town or city as an apple, making New York the Big Apple.
The world's largest bullfighting ring is in Mexico City. The "Plaza de Toros" opened in 1946 and has a seating capacity of about fifty thousand people.
The world's only museum of Phallology is in Reykjavik, Iceland. Phallology is the the science of the penis.
The world's tallest roller coaster is located in England and reaches a peak height of 72 meters.
The worlds tallest free fall rollercoaster is The Giant Drop located in Australia. The drops is 120 meters which is equivalent to a 39 storey building.
There are places in Saskatchewan called Elbow, Eyebrow, and Drinkwater.
There is enough concrete in the Hoover Dam to pave a two lane highway from San Francisco to New York.
There was a post office on the Russian space station Mir. Visiting cosmonauts would use unique postal "markers" to stamp envelopes and other items as having flown aboard the Mir space station.
Tomatina is the legendary Spanish tomato-throwing festival held in Bunol, Spain.